Toothbrush is a well-known tool in oral care. Effective Tooth brushing can help in the management of dental caries and periodontal disease. Familiarity of children with this device is important. Dentists and their assistant need adequate information about children's oral hygiene to educate them and their parents. The aim of this review was to pinpoint the main issues of brushing teeth in children such as Toothbrush design, methods of Tooth brushing, and possible hazards of Tooth brushing. In conclusion, Tooth brushing twice daily under parent's supervision is recommended. Parents can help children and keep them safe from possible hazardous events.

Background and Aims: The most effective way to maintain and improve oral health is Tooth brushing to physically remove dental plaque. In this regard, this study was conducted to compare the efficiency of the usual method of each person in comparison with different methods of brushing to remove dental plaque. Materials and methods: This study was conducted in 2020, as a randomized and open clinical trial with 72 non-dental male and female students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. In this study, the usual method of Tooth brushing with Modified Bass and Scrub Horizontal methods after training was evaluated in two random groups with plaque and gingival indices. Plaque index as a percentage and gingival index as a number (numbers between 0-1 mild inflammation, 1. 1-2 moderate inflammation, 2-3 severe inflammation) were reported. The results were analyzed using SPSS25 software and paired t-test and variance equality test. Results: The efficiency of the usual Tooth brushing method in comparison with the two Modified Bass and Scrub Horizontal methods using two indicators of dental plaque and gingival indices was not statistically significant (P>0. 05). Each method alone after Tooth brushing significantly removed dental plaque (P<0. 05). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the efficiency of the usual method of Tooth brushing compared to trained methods in removing dental plaque and reducing gingivitis in shortterm evaluation was not statistically significant.

Statement of Problem: Inadequate Tooth brushing and inappropriate oral hygiene can lead to dental caries, the most common chronic diseases of childhood with several side effects.Objectives: To evaluate factors affecting on preschool children’s oral hygiene and Tooth brushing in Shiraz, Iran Materials and methods: In this cross-sectional study, we selected 453 children registered in Shiraz kindergartens in 2013 by randomized cluster sampling. The children’s Tooth brushing and oral hygiene were assessed using a reliable and valid questionnaire and Simplified Debris Index (DI-S), respectively. A dental student examined all the children in each kindergarten to determine their DI-S. The relationship between the children’s demographic variables and their oral hygiene and Tooth brushing status were evaluated.Results: Tooth brushing for 272 children (71.2%) had been started after the age of 2 years. The teeth in 96 children (24.2%) had been brushed lower than once daily. The mean of the children’s DI-S was 1.19 ± (0.77). The DI-S of only 126 children (31.8%) was found to be good and very good. After controlling the effect of confounding factors, we found that the children’s Tooth brushing frequency was significantly associated with the number of children in the family and mothers’ employment status. The age at which Tooth brushing had been started was significantly associated with the fathers’ education. Furthermore, the DI-S was associated with children’s age, number of the children in the family, and their mothers’ education.Conclusions: Oral hygiene and Tooth brushing of the preschool children were not in a desirable status. Interventional procedures, especially educational programs, are recommended for children and their parents. These programs seem to be more necessary for older children, low socioeconomic families, and families with more than one child.

Dear Editor: Dental caries and periodontal diseases are still considered the most frequent oral ailments and considered as public health problems, which could result in the loss of dental structures and its support. Although dentistry has experienced great advances, the prevention of dental caries and periodontal diseases are still the best form of treatment. Therefore, education of patients deserves the most attention in preventive dentistry. As children and teenagers are more receptive to new knowledge, they can respond to trainings with greater efficiency. However, when working with the children, the education methods must be attractive and arouse the children's attention.

The aim of this study was to mvestigate the effects of daily Tooth brushing frequency on the amount of supragingivaldental plaque and gingivalbleeding. This randomized matched controled single blind clinical trial.was conducted on 36 final year dental students at Shahid Beheshti Medical Sciences University (age 18-21 years).After preforming initial preparation inclouding Oral hygiene instruction and a supragingival scaling recalled after two weeks for their baseline assesment. Plaque and Bleeding Indices were measured and recorded the forms prrovided. Cases were then randomly divided in to two groups. The first group was asked to brush two times a day while the second group had to brush four times a day. An assessment was carried out in a 6 weeks, time to measure the indices. Results showed a significant diffrence between Plaque Ind ex of two groups with a considerable reduetion in four times brushing group.However, no significant difference was found between the Bleeding Index of the two groups.